完善农产品增值税制度的构想

我国现行对“对农业生产者销售自产的农产品免税”的政策初衷是为了照顾农民的利益,但政策的实际效果很不理想,导致了一系列问题。文章从理论和现实分析指出,解决问题的思路就是对农产品生产环节恢复征收规范的增值税,并提出符合我国目前国情对农业生产者恢复征收增值税制度的初步构想。     

中小型企业质量事故成因探究

针对一起典型的中小型制造企业出现的质量事故,在对引起该事故产生的浅层原因进行系统分析的基础上,站在一个理性领导人的角度,利用增量效益费用比的经济方法对员工缺乏积极性、质量成本投入不够、质量认证流于形式等原因进行了深层次探讨,发现中小型企业质量事故偏多是因为中小型企业领导人会更偏向于节约会计成本的缘故。     

The Effect of Friendly Persuasion and Gender on Tax Comliance Behavior

Friendly persuasion, in contrast to deterrent measures like tax audits and penalties on underreported taxes, is a positive and possibly a cost effective method of increasing taxpayer compliance. However, prior studies have failed to show that friendly persuasion has a significant impact on compliance (Blumenthal et al., 2001; McGraw and Scholz, 1991). In our study, in contrast to prior studies, we examine the impact of generating and reading reasons supporting compliance as friendly persuasion on individuals' income reporting behavior as well as control for gender effects. Specifically, we predict an interaction effect between friendly persuasion and gender on compliance behavior. We carried out a 2 (friendly persuasion and control) × 2 (men and women) full factorial experiment, where participants earned $30 by completing two questionnaires. Participants in the friendly persuasion group were required first to generate and second to read a list of reasons why they should comply fully. Afterwards, participants in both groups were asked to report the income they earned and pay tax on the reported income. The results show a significant main effect for gender as well as a significant interaction effect between gender and friendly persuasion on income reported. Women in the friendly persuasion group reported significantly higher income compared to men in that group. Other comparisons were not significant. Policy implications for increasing taxpayers' ethics and compliance are highlighted.     

Impact of Personal and Situational Factors on Taxpayer Compliance: An Experimental Analysis

This study used a laboratory experiment with monetary incentives to test the impact of three personal factors (moral reasoning, value orientation and risk preference), and three situational factors (the presence/absence of audits, tax inequity, and peer reporting behavior), while controlling for the impact of other demographic characteristics, on tax compliance. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) reveals that all the main effects analyzed are statistically significant and robustly influence tax compliance behavior. These results highlight the importance of obtaining a proper understanding of these factors for developing effective policies for increasing the level of compliance, and indicate that standard enforcement polices based on punishment alone should be supplemented by an information system that would acquaint tax payers with the compliance level of other tax payers; reinforce the concept of fairness of the tax system among tax payers; and develop programs that enhance and appeal to a taxpayer's moral conscience and reinforce social cohesion.     

Relationship Commitment and Ethical Consumer Behavior in a Retail Setting: The Case of Receiving Too Much Change at the Checkout

In this study, we conducted two experiments to examine the effect of relationship commitment on the reaction of shoppers to receiving too much change, controlling for the amount of excess change. Hypotheses based on equity theory, opportunism and guilt were set up and tested. The first study showed that, when the less committed consumer is confronted with a large excess of change, he/she is less likely to report this mistake, compared with a small excess. Conversely, consumers with a high commitment towards the retailer are more likely to tell when they receive too much change, especially when the amount is large. The second experiment provided an explanation for these findings: the less committed consumer is driven by opportunism, whereas guilt-related feelings play an important role in a high commitment relationship. These results have several implications for both retail management and future research.     

免除农业税后村干部职能转变及其激励机制研究——基于对陕西省勉县和户县百名村干部和百名村民的调查

通过对免除农业税前后(2004年、2005年)陕西省勉县50名村干部、100名农户的跟踪调查及2005年10月对陕西省户县50名村干部的问卷调查发现,发展经济、提供公益服务将成为免除农业税后村干部最重要的工作,村干部的服务性职能明显增强。针对免除农业税后村干部面临的现实困境,本文认为解决问题的关键是要建立和完善村干部职能转变的激励机制。为此,本文重点构建了免除农业税后村干部的业绩测评体系,提出了要建立村干部的绩效工资机制等。     

关于企业税收流失与涉税人员的关系分析

对企业方面的税收流失与会计人员、企业负责人、税务人员、行政长官及社会监督人员的关系进行分析 ,提出税收流失重点在于预防 ,关键在于提高全体社会成员的税收意识 ,最终实现税收流失的源泉控制。     

我国物流企业合理避税研究

物流企业的合理避税是企业合理安排税收筹划,合理组织经营活动的一个重要内容,是得到社会认可的。弄清合理避税的概念、特点、必然性、途径等问题,对物流企业生产经营活动和国家的发展都会起促进作用。     

“两法合并”对浙江省国税收入及经济税源的影响分析

新的企业所得税法的出台,实现了内、外资企业适用统一的企业所得税法。短期内对财政收入有所影响;长期实行法定税率或名义税率的降低,将更有利于企业投资和扩大再生产,并对浙江省落实"十一五"规划目标,加快经济社会发展起到了积极的作用。并为浙江省经济持续健康发展和财政收入的稳定增长提供了坚实的保障。     

我国增值税改革问题探讨

我国现行增值税由于征收范围过窄和采用生产型的增值税模式,存在着许多问题和缺陷,增值税的改革已刻不容缓。扩大增值税的征收范围,转换增值税类型是增值税改革的必然趋势。消费型增值税是增值税改革的最佳选择。